IP ADMINISTRATIVE LAW (DRW)   

This course examines the constitutional and statutory framework governing the exercise of government authority through administrative agencies. The primary focus is on federal administrative agencies. Constitutional topics considered include: the extent to which Congress may delegate broad discretionary authority to administrative agencies to make legally binding policy through rulemaking and adjudicative functions; the limits of presidential and congressional control over administrative agencies; general consideration of how (or whether) current institutional arrangements preserve a constitutional system of separated powers and checks and balances; and the procedural requirements placed on the exercise of government authority by the 5^th and 14^th Amendments’ due process clauses. The statutory focus of the course is the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), which imposes procedural requirements on rulemaking and adjudicative functions performed by administrative agencies. The APA also structures the relation between agencies and the courts, which are often called upon to review agency action. Judicial supervision of agency action is, however, a somewhat more complex topic than can be gleaned from the rather cursory provisions of the APA. Accordingly, much of the law governing the availability, timing, and scope of judicial review of administrative action is examined through the traditional case law method familiar in common law courses.  3 units.

BANKRUPCTY (DLK)

Keating

After a brief overview of state debtor-creditor law, this course will cover federal bankruptcy law. The majority of class time will be spent working through casebook problems that require an application of Bankruptcy Code provisions to particular fact situations. The course will begin with coverage of individual bankruptcies and then move on to the special issues associated with business bankruptcies. Attendance, participation and preparation will all be required.  There will be a three hour examination.  3 units

BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS (JL)

Lehrer 

Enrollment limit: 50.  This course constitutes a highly practical approach to acquisitive business transactions.  Emphasis will be placed on the role of the business attorney as a facilitator, who enhances the value of the transaction for the business client. The Course emphasizes the multiple skills and disciplines utilized by the attorney engaged in an acquisition transaction.  In that regard, we will analyze the financial, business, tax and legal issues involved in the negotiation, structuring and documentation of a business acquisition.  The Course begins with an analysis of the motivations of the buyer and seller, with a brief explanation of the principles used in determining and structuring the purchase price for a business.  The Course continues with an analysis of the various transaction structures used in business acquisitions, together with an in depth analysis of the negotiating process, legal issues and the documentation of the acquisitive transaction.  Finally, the Course analyzes the respective roles of the board of directors, shareholders and the courts with respect to the sale and purchase of a corporation whose stock is publicly traded.  
The Course is best suited for a student who has an interest in business transactions as a future vocation, whether as a lawyer, financier or investment banker.  Students will be expected to be prepared for and participate in class, and there will be a final exam. Pre/co-requisites: Corporations.  It would be helpful, but not necessary, to have taken or be taking Corporate Taxation.  Because there is usually a waiting list for this Course, students who wish to drop the Course must do so within the first two weeks of the beginning of the semester. 3 units.

COMPARATIVE LAW:  EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, & EAST ASIA (JOH)

Haley

An introduction to the principal legal systems of continental Europe, Latin America, and East Asia with particular emphasis on the histricial development of the Civil Law Tradtion. This four credit hour course covers the origins of the ius commune in Europe and the reception of Western law in non-Western societies, as well as the basic contrasts between civil and common-law jurisdictions and among civil law jurisdictions. Students have the opportunity to select a particular country of interest and examine its legal system in greater detail.  4 units.

Є COMPARATIVE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS:  LAW & MEDICINE (MA)

 Allen

Enrollment limit: 35. (This two unit course is a part of the ethics curriculum; it is not considered a “survey” ethics course; therefore, a student could take this course and any other ethics course for degree credit.) The ethical codes governing lawyers and physicians have many areas of overlap, yet each discipline operates from a different conceptual model. We will consider the implications of the adversarial model underlying the rules of professional conduct for lawyers, as contrasted with the more collaborative model underlying the principles of medical ethics. Specific subjects will include the duties of confidentiality, conflicts of interest, informed consent and professional competence. Class attendance and participation are expected.  2 units.

CONFLICT OF LAWS (SA) 

Appleton                

This course examines the legal problems that arise from occurrences transcending state or national boundaries: choice of applicable law, constitutional limitations thereon, jurisdiction of courts, recognition of foreign judgments and an analysis of these problems in the specific context of divorce and selected international settings.  The course will emphasize conflicts among the American states.  Conflict of Laws provides an excellent review of a number of substantive courses as well as Civil Procedure because the cases examined in Conflict of Laws cover a variety of different topics including, for example, torts, contracts, property, insurance, and family law.  Much of the analysis in the course is necessarily policy-oriented, and few black-letter rules exist.  Although many state bar examinations include Conflict of Laws, I suggest you not enroll in this course if your only interest in the subject is preparing for such examinations.  The exposure to Conflicts necessary to pass those tests is generally provided in the standard bar review courses.  On the other hand, every practicing attorney regularly confronts Conflicts issues. The material this course covers, therefore, has considerable practical value, and I recommend Conflicts for anyone intending to practice law.  Regular class attendance and participation are required.  NOTE: As of now, this course is not scheduled to be offered in 2005-2006, so interested students should plan to take it during Spring 2005.  3 units.

CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS  (LE)

Epstein

Enrollment limit: 50. [Crosslisted with Political Science, L32-533.]

Since the early 1990's, members of the law & society community have been investigating the role constitutional courts play in their systems of government.  That this topic engages social scientists is not surprising. After all, we, as citizens, are bombarded with press reports of constitutional courts generating major policies.  And, we, as social and political observers, acknowledge the expansion of judicial power (what some call the  "judicialization of politics") throughout the world.  That the legal community  also is beginning to take an interest in courts abroad is as understandable as it is undeniable.  It is understandable, as lawyers and judges believe they have much to learn from their counterparts elsewhere. It is undeniable, as a mere glance at the legal literature would attest. The past decade witnessed the emergence of important law journals and the publication of influential case books, scholarly volumes, and essays all devoted to courts and law  abroad.  What these developments suggest: The time is ripe to offer a course  on comparative constitutional courts.  My goals for the class are as follows: (1) Introduce students to the "state of the art", such as it  is at this early date, in studies of comparative courts.  We accomplish this  via readings and weekly discussions. (2) Touch upon a series of specialized topics, major  nodes of controversy in the field. These include: Recruitment, Training, and  Practices of the Bar; Judicial Independence; Agenda-Control in High and  Constitutional Courts; Relationships Among Courts, Executives, and Legislatures in Parliamentary Democracies; Legal Culture, Political Culture,  and Rights; and The Roles and Impact of Lawyers and Constitutions in Enforcing  Rights.  (3) Help students develop theoretical and empirical skills, as well  as substantive knowledge, by having them amass data or other information on the critical features of courts and the legal system, especially the constitutional or high court, in a state of their choice.  This on-going research should lead to a final paper and serve as an impetus to their contributions to our weekly collective deliberations.  Pertaining to matters of format, I begin each session with an introductory lecture on the topic of  the day; we then move to a discussion of the assigned readings.  As to grades,  I base them on the quality of class participation and on a final paper.  3 units.

IP COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS (GSL)

Lunney  

This course will focus on federal copyright law and related bodies of state, foreign, and international law governing the protection of literary and artistic works, including technical works such as computer software, architectural works, and databases, as well as more traditional literary and artistic works. The course materials will include cases, statutes, international agreements, and hypothetical problems.  The grade will be based on a timed final exam.  Class participation will also be considered in assigning a final grade.  3 units.

CORPORATE AND WHITE COLLAR CRIME (KFB)

Brickey         

White collar crime is one of the fastest growing areas of specialization in the legal profession.  The collapse of the savings and loan industry, rampant fraud in the nation’s financial markets, and systemic corruption in the health care industry contributed to a dramatic increase in federal white collar crime prosecutions over the past two decades.  The recent financial accounting scandals at Enron, WorldCom, and other publicly held companies have greatly intensified regulatory scrutiny of corporate officers and employees and led to a heightened level of criminal enforcement against them. The focus of this course is on the principal federal statutes used to prosecute corporate and white collar crime.  Although the primary emphasis will be on traditional white collar offenses like mail and wire fraud, insider trading, perjury, obstruction of justice, and bribery, students will study more recent entries into the field such as RICO, money laundering, and laws enacted to combat government contract fraud as well.  The course will also consider the impact of the criminal provisions in the newly enacted corporate governance reform bill, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  And, time permitting, the course will provide an introductory look at the Federal Sentencing Guidelines.  Regular class attendance and preparation are required.  3 units.

CORPORATE FINANCE (TAP)

Paredes  

This course will cover financial theory, paying particular attention to the capital structure of corporations.  The initial part of the course will introduce finance theory.  Concepts to be covered include: discounting, present value, portfolio theory and capital asset pricing, the efficient capital market hypothesis, and behavioral finance. Subsequent parts of the course will use the theoretical foundation to understand corporate capital structures and capitalization decisions and to suggest ways for effective corporate planning.  Regular attendance and preparation are expected.  Students who take this course may also take Corporate Finance Planning & Drafting.  There will be an open-book final exam.  3 units.

CORPORATIONS (TAP)  

Paredes            

This course is a survey of the law of business associations, emphasizing issues and problems relating to control, management and financing.  The course will cover publicly and closely held corporations, the organization of business associations, the distribution of power and control between management and shareholders, with focus on the fiduciary duties of directors and officers, corporate control transactions (mergers, acquisitions, tender offers, etc.), and the effects of federal securities laws.  Because the key problem for corporate law is one of agency relations - how to align management's incentives with shareholders' interests - the course will also consider how legal rules, markets, and institutional arrangements mitigate, or magnify, the agency problem.  There will be a final examination.  3 units.

CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION I (KYB)

Barnes 

This course covers the first half of the criminal process, focusing on the constitutional constraints on criminal law enforcement. Topics include the law of arrest, search and seizure, interrogations and confessions, and the right to counsel. Class participation and consistent attendance are required.   3 units.

Є  ETHICS OF LAWYERING IN GOVERNMENT (KC)

Clark             

Open only to students enrolled in Congressional & Administrative Law Clinic. This course is a part of the ethics curriculum.  It is not considered a "survey" ethics course, so students may take this course and other ethics courses. This course is taught in Washington D.C. in conjunction with our Congressional and Administrative Law Clinic.  It will cover  the ethics of policy making, ethics regulations that are applicable to all government officials, the law governing lawyer conduct, and the professional and other rules specific to government lawyers and lobbyists.  Students will be expected to participate in class discussions and complete several written assignments about the ethical issues they encounter in their clinical placements.   3 units.

 Barnes   

Study of the principles and rules that regulate the process of proving facts at trial, including both the Federal Rules of Evidence (the primary focus of the course) and their common law counterparts. Topics covered include relevancy and its limits, various policy- and efficiency-based limitations on the receipt of evidence, the rule against hearsay and the more important hearsay exceptions, rules governing the impeachment of  witnesses, and expert testimony. Class participation and consistent attendance are required.  3 units.

FEDERAL INCOME TAX (NCS)

Staudt  

This 4 unit course is an introduction to the basic principles of the federal personal income tax. Topics treated will include federal tax procedure, the definition of gross income, exclusions and deductions from gross income, and timing issues. The course is designed to equip students to handle common personal income tax problems likely to arise in general practice.  The course emphasizes a critical examination of the provisions of the Internal Revenue code and the Treasury Regulations so that students may become proficient in the use of these basic tax tools.  The teaching methods and materials used in the course are intended to encourage independent thought and critical analysis of the law and policy of federal income taxation.  4 units.

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING FOR LAWYERS (RRK) 

King            

This 2 unit course focuses on financial accounting issues, including recognition, measurement, and presentation and how these issues arise and are resolved in financial reporting. We cover the four primary financial statements (balance sheet, income statement, statement of stockholders' equity, and statement of cash flows), the supporting footnotes to these statements, the management discussion & analysis, and the primary reports (annual reports, 10-ks, 10-Qs, 8-Ks, etc.). The course takes a user's perspective, and thus emphasizes the analysis and interpretation of financial statements. Linkages to legal issues are developed. The evaluation of students will be based on a final exam (60%). Class attendance and participation is expected.  2 units.

GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM (SSA) 

Ali

Enrollment limit: 70. This one credit "short course" will be taught for five weeks - from Tues, January 18 - Thurs, February 17, 2005. This course explores the concept of human rights in Islam and international human rights doctrine from a comparative perspective, focusing on gender and women's human rights in both traditions. The course will adopt an inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary and 'law in context' approach, making it available to and of interest to students of social sciences in addition to law students. The subject of Islam and Human Rights generally, and Gender and Human Rights in Islam in particular, has assumed unprecedented significance in light of contemporary international developments. Lack of exposure to Islamic jurisprudence and the concept of human rights in Islam resulted in misconceptions that have adversely impacted on how Muslims are perceived today in non-Muslim jurisdictions. More importantly, the gap between the rhetoric and reality of Muslim societies and varying interpretations of the religious text in Islam makes it important to present and share a view of Islam that is compatible with its human rights friendly basis and spirit. Discrimination, resort to violence and oppression of women and minorities is an aberration of political and socio-economic factors in Muslim jurisdictions and not based on injunctions of the religious text of Islam. This course aims to contribute towards this 'bridge of understanding'. There will be a 24 hour take-home exam.  1 unit.  [Meets from Tues, 1/18/05 - Thurs, 2/17/05]

HEALTH CARE QUALITY AND LIABILITY (NT) 

Terry

INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND THE CONSTITUTION (BF)

Flagg     

This 4 unit course will examine judicial interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment.  Topics to be covered include equal protection, substantive due process (the right of privacy), and equal protection fundamental interest analysis.  The course also emphasizes the  acquisition of analytic skills.  It will be taught entirely through the analysis of complex constitutional problems.  Students will work on a series of four problems (for a period of approximately three weeks per problem), preparing a written brief, bench memo, or judicial opinion for each problem.  Students will work in groups of three or four individuals, and each group will meet weekly with the instructor to discuss their progress on the assigned problem.  The class will meet as a whole every third week, as work on a particular problem draws to a close.  These class discussions will include groups' reports on their written work, and lectures on the issues, background cases, and underlying constitutional norms implicated by the assigned problems.  The final grade will be based on three collaborative written assignments, one written assignment completed individually, participation, and self evaluation.  There will be no final exam.  Students who enroll in this class should be prepared to work at a steady pace throughout the semester.  Students who have taken Con Law II are not eligible to take this course.  4 units.

INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW (SHL) 

Legomsky   

This course is an introduction to the international structure for the protection of selected human rights: laws, procedures, institutions, and policies.  Particular emphasis will be placed on the roles of the United Nations and various regional associations.  The readings will contain not only legal documents (treaties, executive orders, cases, etc.), but also nontraditional passages such as human rights reports, newspaper articles, political essays, and the like.  Regular attendance and rigorous preparation will be required.  There are no prerequisites or corequisites.  Grades will be based on a written, timed, open book final exam.  3 units.

IP INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PROCESS

Sadat      

As Damrosch, et al., write in their casebook on international law, "[a]t the opening of the twenty- first century, the problems facing the international community are many and acute."  Hunger, war, disease, terrorism, and environmental degradation afflict the human condition in many parts of the world, including our own.  This course will expose students to both the substance and process of international law in an attempt to understand the legal frameworks applicable to many of these problems.   The course will also serve as an introduction to the basic principles of international law and the resolution of disputes thereunder.  The final will be a 24-hour take- home exam.  3 units.

LABOR LAW (NNB) 

Bernstein                                

An examination of the principal provisions of the National Labor Relations Act: Structure of the National Labor Relations Board, Organizing, Concerted Activities, Recognition, Picketing, Bargaining and Enforcement of Collective Bargaining Agreements.  Three hour multiple choice examination.  3 units.

LAND USE LAW (DRM)  

Mandelker               

The course in Land use Law considers the land we live in, how we use and preserve it, and how we build our cities and towns. We begin by reviewing the land use planning process and what it means, and then consider the takings cases that set limits on land use regulation. Zoning is next, including the decision making process for zoning, and we then consider a series of special topics including land subdivision, growth management, urban design and historic preservation. The emphasis throughout is on how the system works and on how to provide effective regulatory programs. There is a web site for the course, which is accessed in class, and which provides supplementary visual, statutory and regulatory materials. Class participation and attendance are required subject to excuse. One unexcused absence is permitted. There is a twenty-four hour, take-home, open book examination. 3 units.

Є  LEGAL PROFESSION (PAJ)

Joy

[This course is part of the ethics curriculum; it is considered a "survey" course. Students may not take more than one survey course for credit toward their degree.  Other survey courses offered recently and/or this academic year are: Lawyers and Ethics in Film & Law (formerly Legal Ethics in Film), Litigation Ethics, Lawyers & Justice, and Practical Ethics for Civil Litigation.]  The overarching goal of this course is to help  prepare you for the ethical dilemmas you will face as a practicing lawyer.  How one responds to these crises determines whether or not a lawyer may be sued for malpractice, disciplined professionally, or possibly violate the lawyer's sense of what is "right" or "wrong."  We will explore the nature and types of client-attorney relationships, confidentiality rules, client-attorney privilege, conflicts of interest, ethical issues in representing entity clients such as corporations and partnerships, fees, professional self-regulation, access to legal services, public interest representation, and the role of lawyers for the government.  We will study the Model Rules of Professional Conduct and ethical duties under common law and other sources of authority.  Most of the classes will focus on the skill of problem solving as you learn to recognize and resolve ethical dilemmas you will face in practice.  Other skills you will use and develop include:  legal analysis and reasoning, legal research, communication skills, and client counseling.  This course also will focus on the professional values of providing competent legal representation, improving the legal profession, and examining the legal profession's role in promoting justice, fairness, and morality.  Students are expected to participate in class discussions and simulations, complete several in-class quizzes, and take a final exam that is in two parts: a take-home exam consisting of essay questions and a short final exam at the law school consisting of multiple choice and short answer questions.  
3 units.

PENSIONS AND TAX-FAVORED SAVINGS (PJW) 

Wiedenbeck

This course is an introduction to the law governing pension and other employee benefit plans.  The tax treatment of contributions to, earnings of, and distributions from qualified (i.e., tax-subsidized) and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements will be compared.  The rules governing the terms and operation of qualified deferred compensation plans are studied intensively, including workforce coverage, allocation of contributions and benefits, funding, fiduciary responsibility, vesting, timing and forms of distributions.  The economics of deferred compensation and the dual policies of protecting employee reliance interests and properly targeting the retirement savings tax subsidy are emphasized.  The course will be taught from a casebook and a statutory pamphlet.  Students will work extensively with Subchapter D and related provisions of the Internal Revenue Code (including the regulations pertaining thereto), and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA).  Attendance and preparation are required and sanctions will be imposed on serious offenders.  The course grade will be based predominately on a final examination which may be a take home exam. Additional course information is available on the web at http://law.wustl.edu/Faculty/Wiedenbeck/. 3 units.

PUBLIC INTEREST LAW SPEAKER SERIES: A READINGS COURSE (KLT) 

Tokarz

Enrollment limit: 16 (approx. 8 second-years/approx. 8 third-years). In 2004-05, the School of Law and the Clinical Education Program are hosting the seventh annual Public Interest Law Speaker Series. This readings course will run parallel with the spring portion of the series, and provide a way for students to study the work of the visiting speakers and then to discuss the issues with the authors. Students in the course will read selected works of the visiting speakers and then meet with the speakers to discuss their scholarship and practice. The class will be divided up so that each student focuses on the work of at least three speakers. Students also may read works and meet with some of the presenters in the spring conference at the law school on Poverty, Wealth, and the Working Poor: Clinical and Interdisciplinary Connections. The goal is for students to read a range of material that will provide an overview of public interest law and public interest lawyering. It is essential that students do the reading in preparation for the meetings with the visitors. The course will meet approximately once a week - usually (but not always) at one of the two times indicated below; inevitably several of the class times will need to be adjusted to fit the schedules of the Public Interest Law Speaker Series speakers (and conference speakers). Thus, students must have some flexibility in their schedules so they can meet with the visitors. In an attempt to keep the meetings with the visiting scholars as informal as possible, the class has been limited to an enrollment of 16, with 8 slots available to second year students. The grade for the course will be based upon a 10-15 page paper that each student will write applying ideas from one or more of the visitors' scholarship and practice to a new topic of the student's choosing. The final grade also will be adjusted for the quality of participation in the discussion sessions with the visitors.  2 units

IP REGULATING DRUGS AND OTHER MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES (RSD)

Dresser

This 2 unit course will address regulatory and policy issues related to the control of medical technology.  Besides its importance as a policy topic, this is an increasingly common area of legal practice.  The emphasis will be on how the Food and Drug Administration regulates drugs, devices, and biological products, but broader policy questions will also be considered. Students will examine the relevant legislation, agency rules, and court decisions governing the development and application of drugs, devices, and biological products.  The class will consider a series of problems on FDA jurisdiction and standards, the drug and device approval process, product labeling and advertising, product pricing, and intellectual property incentives for product development.  Additional course discussions will address ethical and policy issues raised by drug pricing, drugs for poor countries, university-industry research relationships, and the effects of drug company practices on health care costs. The course will meet twice a week for one hour.  Students will be evaluated based on their performance on a take-home exam, a group presentation, and class participation.  Because of the nature of the assignment, the group presentation will not be graded anonymously.  2 units.

SECURITIES REGULATION (JS)  

Seligman 

The primary focus of this course will be the regulation of capital formation under the Securities Act of 1933. Also included will be a comparison of anti-fraud provisions in various federal statutes, as they reflect the federal regulation of corporate transactions. This is a statutory course that emphasizes the wording of the law, the regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, and court interpretations of both.  Case law is less important than in most traditional law school courses. An additional focus is the inter-relationship of the two primary federal securities statutes and the SEC's attempt to integrate securities regulation into a coherent regulatory system. A set of problems will be the focus of a significant part of class discussion. Regular attendance and participation are expected. There will be a final exam.  Pre/Co-requisite: Corporations.  3 units.

IP TRADEMARKS AND UNFAIR COMPETITION (GSL)

Lunney   

(This course was formerly known as Introduction to IP Law, Trademarks, and Unfair Competition.) This course covers the creation, maintenance, and enforcement of trademark rights, as well as related forms of protection under principles of unfair competition law, at both the state and federal levels. The fundamental policies and economics underpinning trademark law are examined, as well as the basic issues in trademark law, such as registration, scope of protection, and remedies. In addition to these basic issues, the course will address issues of current interest, such as: protection of non-traditional subject matter; conflicts between trademark protection and the copyright or patent laws; and the protection against dilution(and possible conflicts with free expression). Students interested in exploring intellectual property law are encouraged to enroll in this course first, and then to take either Patents & Trade Secrets or Copyrights & Related Rights, or both. The grade for this course will be based on a timed final exam. Class participation will also be considered in assigning a final grade.  3 units.

TRANSNATIONAL LITIGATION (JOH)

Haley 

An introduction to the procedural issues that arise in the legal resolution of disputes in international transactions.  The law of various countries will be covered (especially Germany and France); however, disputes involving United States and Japanese law are the major focus.  The course covers international jurisdiction, service of process abroad, taking evidence abroad, applicable laws and treaties, comparison of trial procedures, enforcement of foreign judgments and use of arbitration.  The course will also introduce students to principal international conventions including the Brussels Convention (for intra EU litigation), the Hague conventions, and enforcement of judgments, and an ALI-proposed Code of International Civil Procedure.  3 units.

TRUSTS & ESTATES (LAR)

 Rosenbury   

This course will examine the basic legal doctrines and rules applicable to transfer of decedents' wealth by intestate succession, will, and trust.  Topics to be addressed include the state's control of inheritance; intestate succession; will execution, revocation, and construction; family protection and the protection of non-traditional families and relationships; private express and charitable trusts; and fiduciary administration. The course will not cover future interests, estate planning, or estate and gift taxation since separate, specialized classes and seminars are offered on each of these important topics. There will be a final exam.  3 units.

UCC:  ARTICLE 2 (MMG)

01  MTuTh  11:00a-12:00p            

Greenfield              

The primary objectives of this course are (a) mastery of the law governing the sale or lease of goods and (b) development of the skills of statutory analysis. The course builds on the doctrines of the first-year Contracts course and explores the legislative alteration of the common law rules studied there, as well as matters beyond the scope of that course. Article 2 is part of a code that creates a construct for the regulation of commercial activity. A major focus of the course is learning how to operate in that construct. The emphasis will be on domestic law, but there will be some coverage of international sales transactions governed by the U.N. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. Regular attendance and preparation are both required. Anyone who is absent or unprepared more than 9 times is subject to exclusion from the course. Grades will be based on a timed exam.  3 units.